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Gem Lepidolite

These two reports examine different examples of gem-like lepidolite: a raw zoned piece with a purple lepidolite rim and muscovite core, and a separately tested polished piece.

Two specimens: The raw piece documents lepidolite alongside muscovite. The polished piece was identified as lepidolite. Their results should remain tied to each specimen.

Raw zoned mica: purple and pale zones

The May 8, 2020 report examined a 5.3 cm raw mica specimen (sample 9006). It identifies the purple rim as lepidolite and the pale core as muscovite. The direct current plasma analysis reported about 6.7 wt.% Li₂O in the lepidolite zone and about 0.8–1.2 wt.% Li₂O in the muscovite zone. The report calls the core colorless; the yellow appearance of the material is a visual description, not a separate mineral identification.

Raw specimen report, three pages. Select a page to enlarge.

Polished gem-like lepidolite

A second, polished specimen (sample 92857, #13; report completed March 10, 2022) was chemically identified as lepidolite. The laboratory remarked on the unusual cut for a mica. Thin bubble-like features followed cleavage planes. After a mild heating observation, the report considered a stabilizing resin more likely than trapped water, but did not establish that interpretation conclusively.

Polished specimen report, four pages. Select a page to enlarge.

Understanding the report figures

Use this guide alongside the written findings and the original report transcript. It explains the purpose of each analytical figure and preserves the laboratory’s own figure labels. The interpretations apply to the tested specimen; signals alone do not establish the identity of every similar-looking stone.

  • Elemental spectrum: The peaks record characteristic X-ray signals from elements in the analyzed spot or area. This is an analysis of that location, not automatically of the entire specimen. Any mineral identification or uncertainty named in the laboratory caption is retained below.

    Laboratory figure caption: Fig. 2: Energy dispersive spectrum of point 1 in the purplish rim of the specimen. (lepidolite)

  • Elemental spectrum: The peaks record characteristic X-ray signals from elements in the analyzed spot or area. This is an analysis of that location, not automatically of the entire specimen. Any mineral identification or uncertainty named in the laboratory caption is retained below.

    Laboratory figure caption: Fig. 3: Energy dispersive spectrum of point 2 in the colorless core of the specimen. (muscovite)

  • Electron microscope image: This view shows small-scale regions selected for analysis. Its brightness contrast helps distinguish regions with different compositions; it is not a photograph of their natural colors. Numbered spots connect this view to the analyses listed in the report.

    Laboratory figure caption: Fig. 2: Backscattered electron image of the specimen.

  • Elemental spectrum: The peaks record characteristic X-ray signals from elements in the analyzed spot or area. This is an analysis of that location, not automatically of the entire specimen. Any mineral identification or uncertainty named in the laboratory caption is retained below.

    Laboratory figure caption: Fig. 3: Energy dispersive spectral analysis of spot 1 in Fig. 2. (lepidolite)

  • Elemental spectrum: The peaks record characteristic X-ray signals from elements in the analyzed spot or area. This is an analysis of that location, not automatically of the entire specimen. Any mineral identification or uncertainty named in the laboratory caption is retained below.

    Laboratory figure caption: Fig. 4: Energy dispersive spectral analysis of spot 2 in Fig. 2. (lepidolite)

Read the reports as text

This text is transcribed from the laboratory reports so the findings and figure captions can be read without opening the page images. The images remain available above for visual details.

Raw zoned mica report

                                                 Analytical Result Report

Sample id: 9006
Submitted by: Kathreen Bitner
Date submitted: May 4, 2020
Date completed: May 8, 2020
Operating conditions: JEOL JSM-6400 operated at 25 kV acceleration potential, 15 mm working distance, 15 degrees
sample tilt, coated with 250 Å carbon. Using the X-ray fluorescence attacement with 35kv potental in conjunction with
the EDS system




Fig 1: Photograph showing the distinct zonation in the mica specimen, maximum dimension 5.3 cm.




Fig. 2: Energy dispersive spectrum of point 1 in the purplish rim of the specimen. (lepidolite)
Fig. 3: Energy dispersive spectrum of point 2 in the colorless core of the specimen. (muscovite)




Fig. 4: Overlay of the spectra shown in Figs. 2 and 3, scrolled down to the lower energy end of the spectrum.



Summary of findings: This is a very interesting specimen with dramatic color zoning. Two areas were selected for EDS
analysis (Fig. 1). The rim is clearly lepidolite, indicated by the distinctly higher amount of silicon and fluorine (Figs. 2 and
4), whereas the rim shows the typical higher aluminum content and lower fluorine typical for muscovite (Figs. 3 and 4).
Lithium analysis by direct current plasma spectrometry showed that the lepidolite contains about 6.7 wt. % Li 2O,
whereas the muscovite area only shows around 0.8-1.2 wt. % Li 2O.




Date: May 8..2020                        Signature

Polished lepidolite report

                                               Analytical Result Report

Sample id: 92857 (#13)
Submitted by: K. Bitner
Date submitted: Feb. 14, 2022.
Date completed: March 10, 2022.
Operating conditions: An AMRAY 1830 SEM operated at 25 kV acceleration potential, 26 mm working distance, 15
degrees sample tilt, coated with 250 Å carbon. Using the X-ray fluorescence attachment with 35 kV potential in
conjunction with the EDS system.




Fig. 1: Photograph of the specimen. 3.4 cm maximum dimensions.




Fig. 2: Backscattered electron image of the specimen.
Fig. 3: Energy dispersive spectral analysis of spot 1 in Fig. 2. (lepidolite)




Fig. 4: Energy dispersive spectral analysis of spot 2 in Fig. 2. (lepidolite)
Fig. 5: Two sets of photomicrographs showing different focal positions. It shows that the bubble-like features are very
thin. Images were taken in monochrome since it enhances the structures better.



Table 1: Minor and trace element composition of the specimen. (in wt. %).

 Fluorine                                                     7.0
 Iron                                                         0.04
 Manganese                                                    0.23
 Rubidium                                                     1.2
 K/Rb                                                         8
Fig. 6: Two images, the right one was taken 3 hours after heating to 90 C.



Summary of findings: This specimen (Fig. 1) is interesting and very unusual for its cut. This is quite a feat to do with a
mica! Chemically, it clearly is lepidolite (Figs. 2-4 and Table 1). The high fluorine is typical for lepidolite. The Rubidium
content is high which is typical for pegmatites producing lepidolite. The odd bubble-like structures are very interesting.
They are very thin (Fig. 5) and appear to follow the cleavage planes. They lake gas bubbles so they are not fluid
inclusions that were trapped during crystal growth but appear to be water that migrated into the spaces where the
lepidolite had separated a little along cleavage planes. Since the space was very thing, this water or other fluid could
remain in there for a considerable amount of time.

Update: A simple experiment designed to identify if water was present that causes the bubble-like shapes involved
heating the specimen for 3 hours at 90 F (Fig. 6). Only minor change occurred, and many boundaries appeared exactly
the same. Only one small area showed a little change in shape. It does not appear to be water that is causing the
bubble shapes, it is more likely to be some kind or resin that might have been used to stabilize the specimen.




Date: March 5, 2022                          Signature

Report acknowledgment: These analytical results and report materials are the property of Soul Body Gems, Alexander Falster, and the Maine Mineral & Gem Museum. Any use or mention of these results requires full acknowledgment of all three.

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Results shown here apply to the specimens identified in the reports. A trade name or visual resemblance alone does not establish the composition of another piece.